Bao nung gốm thời Lý (thế kỷ XI-XIII) phát hiện tại khu di tích Hoàng thành Thăng Long

Tóm tắt

Archaeological discoveries at the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel site have provided valuable insights. Alongside architectural structures and other types of artifacts, a large collection ofceramics has been unearthed. These ceramics, diverse in origin and form, reflect various aspects of the cultural and social life of the Thăng Long royal court across different historical periods. Among them, Vietnam ceramics constitute the largest proportion, produced at kilns in Thăng Long, Nam Định, Bát Tràng, Hải Dương, Bình Định. Research into their production origins has yieled important scientific insights. In addition to ceramic household items and utensils, archaeologists have uncovered numerous kiln wasters, spacers, saggars, turnable fragments, and defective pieces. These finds provide crucial evidence for identifying the origins of the ceramics at the site. Comparative analysis of high quality ceramics - distinguished by unique materials, techniques, and decorative patterns - and pieces attached to saggars, kiln wasters, and molds demonstrates a clear connection to their provenance. These findings provide vivid evidence of the existence of the Thăng Long ‘Quan’ kiln, a facility that specialized in producing ceramics for the aristocracy. Among the production tools uncovered at the site, ceramic saggars are the most abundant, dating from the Lý, Trần, and early Lê dynasties, which indicates the kiln’s continuous operation. The Lý dynasty saggars (11th–13th centuries), notable for their variety of forms and distinctive characteristics, reflect a significant advancement in ceramic production techniques. The appearance of saggars marks the beginning of glazed ceramics, with many high quality products rivaling those of China’s Song dynasty and opening a new chapter in the history of Vietnamese ceramics. This is a valuable source that contributes to decoding some issues about the origin and production techniques of Lý dynasty ceramics. Research on Lý dynasty saggars at the site is a new and attractive scientific issue but also faces many difficulties due to the lack of comparative sources. This represents a valuable source of evidence that helps clarify questions concerning the origins and production techniques of Lý dynasty ceramics.